![]() The color of the neon light depends on the gas mixture inside the tube, just like the color of auroras depends on the gas mixture in the atmosphere.Įarth's atmosphere is approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.93% argon and 0.04% carbon dioxide. The process is similar to how neon lights work: When the molecules and atoms get "excited" by electrons, they must return to their original energy (ground state) and do so by releasing the energy as photons (light). The electrically charged particles then enter Earth's atmosphere, exciting gas atoms and molecules and generating auroras. Earth's magnetic field then redirects the particles toward the north and south poles. ![]() Auroras are caused by energized particles from the sun slamming into Earth's upper atmosphere at speeds of up to 45 million mph (72 million kph).
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